Tooth decay

Did you know that tooth decay is Australia’s most common health problem? Did you also know that it’s mostly preventable?

What is it?

A process of damage to tooth surface(s) over time which can eventually result ina cavity (hole) in the tooth.

How does it happen?

Everybody has lots of different bacteria (‘germs’) in their mouth. Most don’t do any harm, but when given the right conditions, some can cause tooth decay.

These bacteria turn sugars from food and drinks into acid, which damages the enamel (tooth surface).

Minerals in saliva and fluoride (found in toothpaste and most of Victoria’s public drinking water) help to repair damage to the tooth surface.

But over time, if there is more damage than repair, a hole forms.

As well as sugar, acid found in foods and drinks (eg fizzy drinks and ‘sports’ drinks) can also damage the tooth surface and contribute to tooth decay.

What can you do?

If you support someone to care for their mouth:

Look for the signs of tooth decay	Reduce risk by providing support to
Holes in teeth Brown or discoloured teeth Bad breath Pain Sensitive teeth Difficulty eating Changes in behaviour; including grabbing, punching or pulling at mouth and jaws	Limit sugary foods and drinks, especially between meals Brush teeth with a fluoride toothpaste twice a day Drink tap water Have regular dental check-ups Ask if any medications used reduce saliva (dry mouth); discuss with an oral health professional Make a dental appointment if you think there may be a problem

If you need a snack, try to choose a tooth-friendly one

Sugary or highly processed snacks are most likely to contribute to tooth decay. Cheese, plain yoghurt, vegetables, fruit, nuts and seeds are good options for teeth and more likely to fill you up.